Most changes in vision occur in the early and later years of life. Although some people may discover they have nearsightedness -- or difficulty seeing at a distance -- as late as their mid-20s, vision typically stabilizes during the late teen years. From then until around age 40, vision typically changes little, if at all.

Presbyopia ("Short-Arm Disease")

At about 40 years of age, however, seeing to read or do close work such as sewing may become difficult. This is known as "presbyopia." Presbyopia, a name which comes from the Greek words for "old eye," occurs because the crystalline lens, an essential component of the eye's refractive, or light-bending structure, loses flexibility as it grows thicker with age. This lack of flexibility affects the ability to focus on close objects. Generally, by around age 45, reading glasses are required for nearby tasks. If near- or farsightedness is also present, bifocals or monovision correction, in which one contact lens is prescribed to correct for distance viewing and the other for close work, may be recommended. For more information on presbyopia visit this topic in the Eye Conditions section.

Retinal disorders

Retinal disorders have a greater chance of developing in older adults, due to the aging process. These often impair central vision. Advances in eye and health care have made treatments more successful, with chances of maintaining good vision now better than ever. Conditions once considered sight threatening may now be successfully treated if diagnosed early.

Suggestions for better sight

Be aware of your visual limitations and compensate for them. You may need more light for reading and other close tasks. Move the lamp closer to you and/or use a larger watt bulb. Side vision and reaction time may reduce with age. Keep this change in mind while driving or walking near traffic. Limit night driving to well-lighted roads; keep headlights and windshields clean; and be visually aware of traffic. Be sure to keep glasses clean.

Although natural vision changes can't be prevented, they need not mean giving up activities such as driving your car. By practicing good health habits and having regular eye examinations, you should be able to continue an active, productive and independent life.