Visual fixation, or the ability to aim the eyes accurately. One type of fixation, called direct, has to do with the ability to focus on a stationary object or to read a line of print. The other type, called pursuit fixation, is the ability to follow a moving object with the eyes.

Accommodation, or the ability to adjust the focus of the eyes as the distance between the individual and the object being observed changes. Children frequently use this skill in the classroom as they shift focus between books and blackboards.

Binocular fusion, or the brain's ability to gather information received from each eye separately and form a single, unified image. Eyes must be precisely aligned physically or double vision may result. If it does, the brain often subconsciously suppresses or inhibits the vision in one eye to avoid confusion. That eye may then develop poorer visual acuity (amblyopia or lazy eye).

Stereopsis, a function of proper binocular fusion enhancing the perception of depth, or the relative distances of objects from the observer.

Convergence, or the ability to turn the two eyes toward each other to look at a close object. Any close work, such as desk work, requires this vision skill.