A brief explanation. Acute conjunctivitis is characterized by redness of the eye, tearing, burning, and a discharge that may cause the eyelids to stick together, particularly in the morning. The three most common types of conjunctivitis; viral, allergic and bacterial, are treated differently by your eye doctor. It is important that the type of conjunctivitis be diagnosed before treatment.

Viral conjunctivitis is often associated with an upper respiratory tract infection. The virus will spread from one eye to the other and it is highly contagious. Disinfection of common surfaces and hand washing should be done frequently. Although there is no definite treatment, this form of conjunctivitis can be relieved with cool compresses, and lubricating eye drops (found in most pharmacies). In the worst cases, topical steroidal eye drops can be used to relieve pain. Acute viral conjunctivitis usually clears up in less than 3 weeks.

Allergic conjunctivitis is characterized by itchy, watery eyes and swollen eyelids. Symptoms are usually seasonal, with increased incidences during hay fever season. Treatment varies according to the type of allergic conjunctivitis the patient presents. It is practical for the patient to avoid the inciting agent. Cool compresses and lubricating eye drops sometimes relieve discomfort in mild cases. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents and antihistamines are used to treat most cases of seasonal onset.

Bacterial conjunctivitis is characterized by a swollen conjunctiva, redness of the eye, tearing, irritation, discharge and sticking together of the eyelids. It usually affects only one eye. The most common bacteria involved are staphylococcus, and streptococcus. It is usually treated with broad spectrum antibiotic eye drops and ointments.